WordNet sense 1 (one of two or more integers that can be exactly divided into another integer):

divisor

WordNet sense 2 (a businessman who buys or sells for another in exchange for a commission):

agent, broker

WordNet sense 3 (an abstract part of something):

component, constituent, element, ingredient

WordNet sense 4 ((genetics) a segment of DNA that is involved in producing a polypeptide chain; it can include regions preceding and following the coding DNA as well as introns between the exons; it is considered a unit of heredity):

gene, cistron

WordNet sense 5 (resolve into factors):

factor in, factor out