It was a rare chance to find the branchiae preserved. From Wordnik.com. [Life and Letters of Thomas Henry Huxley — Volume 2] Reference
Tanaides, or by the development of branchiae on the thorax, as in the. From Wordnik.com. [Facts and Arguments for Darwin] Reference
Your observations on the branchiae and heart have interested me extremely. From Wordnik.com. [More Letters of Charles Darwin — Volume 2] Reference
Wings: of insects homologous with branchiae, 191. rudimentary, in insects, 451. From Wordnik.com. [On the origin of species] Reference
It is, however, a true amphibian, respiring either in the water by means of branchiae, or in the air by means of lungs. From Wordnik.com. [The Western World Picturesque Sketches of Nature and Natural History in North and South America] Reference
These cirripedes have no branchiae, the whole surface of the body and sack, including the small frena, serving for respiration. From Wordnik.com. [On the origin of species] Reference
Whilst in Grapsus the water is allowed to reach the branchiae only from the front, I saw it in Ocypoda flow in also through the orifice just described. From Wordnik.com. [Facts and Arguments for Darwin] Reference
As this character, namely, the existence of an entrance behind the branchiae, has hitherto been noticed, even as a fact, only in Ranina, I will go into it in some detail. From Wordnik.com. [Facts and Arguments for Darwin] Reference
Now I think no one will dispute that the ovigerous frena in the one family are strictly homologous with the branchiae of the other family; indeed, they graduate into each other. From Wordnik.com. [On the origin of species] Reference
In the higher Vertebrata the branchiae have wholly disappeared -- the slits on the sides of the neck and the loop-like course of the arteries still marking in the embryo their former position. From Wordnik.com. [On the origin of species] Reference
In the higher Vertebrata the branchiae have wholly disappeared — the slits on the sides of the neck and the loop-like course of the arteries still marking in the embryo their former position. From Wordnik.com. [On the Origin of Species~ Chapter 06 (historical)] Reference
The Balanidae or sessile cirripedes, on the other hand, have no ovigerous frena, the eggs lying loose at the bottom of the sack, in the well-enclosed shell; but they have large folded branchiae. From Wordnik.com. [On the origin of species] Reference
In one Cypridina I find branchiae of considerable size, which are entirely wanting in another species, but this does not appear to me to be a reason for separating these species even generically. From Wordnik.com. [Facts and Arguments for Darwin] Reference
We may cease marvelling at the embryo of an air-breathing mammal or bird having branchial slits and arteries running in loops, like those in a fish which has to breathe the air dissolved in water, by the aid of well-developed branchiae. From Wordnik.com. [On the origin of species] Reference
In very moist air the store of water contained in the branchial cavity may hold out for hours, and it is only when this is used up that the animal elevates its carapace in order to allow the air to have access to its branchiae from behind. From Wordnik.com. [Facts and Arguments for Darwin] Reference
Prawn-form, in which the median eye has become indistinct, the spine of the labrum, and the outer branches of the cheliferous and ambulatory feet have been lost, the mandibular palpi and the abdominal feet have acquired distinct joints and setae, and the branchiae come into action. From Wordnik.com. [Facts and Arguments for Darwin] Reference
If all pedunculated cirripedes had become extinct, and they have already suffered far more extinction than have sessile cirripedes, who would ever have imagined that the branchiae in this latter family had originally existed as organs for preventing the ova from being washed out of the sack?. From Wordnik.com. [On the origin of species] Reference
I must give one instance; he throws doubts and sneers at my saying that the ovigerous frena of cirripedes have been converted into branchiae, because I have not found them to be branchiae; whereas he himself admits, before I wrote on cirripedes, without the least hesitation, that their organs are branchiae. From Wordnik.com. [Alfred Russel Wallace Letters and Reminiscences]
Therefore I do not doubt that little folds of skin, which originally served as ovigerous frena, but which, likewise, very slightly aided the act of respiration, have been gradually converted by natural selection into branchiae, simply through an increase in their size and the obliteration of their adhesive glands. From Wordnik.com. [On the origin of species] Reference
Two distinct organs sometimes perform simultaneously the same function in the same individual; to give one instance, there are fish with gills or branchiae that breathe the air dissolved in the water, at the same time that they breathe free air in their swimbladders, this latter organ having a ductus pneumaticus for its supply, and being divided by highly vascular partitions. From Wordnik.com. [On the origin of species] Reference
Moreover, "it has three hearts, two of which are placed at the root of the two branchiae (or gills); they receive the blood from the body, and propel it into the branchiae. From Wordnik.com. [The Mirror of Literature, Amusement, and Instruction Volume 20, No. 562, Saturday, August 18, 1832.] Reference
But it is conceivable that the now utterly lost branchiae might have been gradually worked in by natural selection for some quite distinct purpose: in the same manner as, on the view entertained by some naturalists that the branchiae and dorsal scales of Annelids are homologous with the wings and wing-covers of insects, it is probable that organs which at a very ancient period served for respiration have been actually converted into organs of flight. From Wordnik.com. [On the origin of species] Reference
Grapsoidae, the closest agreement prevails in all the essential conditions of their structure; if the same plan of structure is slavishly followed in everything else, in the organs of sense, in the articulation of the limbs, in every trabecula and tuft of hairs in the complicated framework of the stomach, and in all the arrangements subserving aquatic respiration, even to the hairs of the flagella employed in cleaning the branchiae, -- why have we suddenly this exception, this complete difference, in connection with aerial respiration?. From Wordnik.com. [Facts and Arguments for Darwin] Reference
Cerapus it is reduced to a scarcely perceptible rudiment -- nay, that it is sometimes present in youth and disappears (although perhaps not without leaving some trace) at maturity, as was found by Spence Bate to be the case in Acanthonotus Owenii and Atylus carinatus, and I can affirm with regard to an Atylus of these seas, remarkable for its plumose branchiae -- and that from all this, at the present day when the increasing number of known Amphipoda and the splitting of them into numerous genera thereby induced, compels us to descend to very minute distinctive characters, we must nevertheless hesitate before employing the secondary flagellum as a generic character. From Wordnik.com. [Facts and Arguments for Darwin] Reference
Branchial: relating to the gills or branchiae. From Wordnik.com. [Explanation of Terms Used in Entomology] Reference
A double series of joints, or branchiae. From Wordnik.com. [Facts and Arguments for Darwin] Reference
Now, where, as in the majority of the Isopoda, branchiae were developed upon the abdomen, the position and structure of the heart underwent a change, as it approached them more nearly, but without the reproduction of a common plan for these earlier modes of structure, either because this transformation of the heart took place only after the division of the primary form into subordinate groups, or because, at least at the time of this division, the varying heart had not yet become fixed in any new form. From Wordnik.com. [Facts and Arguments for Darwin] Reference
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