Gnetales and conifers are separate, monophyletic groups, (i.e. not nested within one another).    From Wordnik.com.  [PLoS ONE Alerts: New Articles] Reference

Additionally, our results suggest Gnetales may indeed be the sister group to the rest of the extant gymnosperms.    From Wordnik.com.  [PLoS ONE Alerts: New Articles] Reference

Figure 2, together with our observations in serial addition experiments, supports the basal placement of Gnetales within the gymnosperms.    From Wordnik.com.  [PLoS ONE Alerts: New Articles] Reference

When the unicellular green alga Chlamydomonas and/or the moss Physcomitrella are included, cycads and Ginkgo nest within the conifers, and Gnetales appear basal.    From Wordnik.com.  [PLoS ONE Alerts: New Articles] Reference

In contrast, most molecular studies postulate gymnosperms as a monophyletic group sister to all angiosperms, and place the Gnetales as a sister group to the conifers (Panels B and D).    From Wordnik.com.  [PLoS ONE Alerts: New Articles] Reference

Many current studies support the placement of Gnetales and conifers as closely-related groups, either as sister clades (Panel B), or with Gnetales as a nested group within the conifers (Panel D).    From Wordnik.com.  [PLoS ONE Alerts: New Articles] Reference

While the topology of the Gnetales as sister to the rest of the gymnosperms may be considered unconventional, it is quite interesting to note that this topology has been retrieved from individual gene trees such as.    From Wordnik.com.  [PLoS ONE Alerts: New Articles] Reference

(angiosperms, Cycadales, Gingkoales, Gnetales, and Coniferales), which continues to be a work in progress, despite numerous studies using single, few or several genes and morphology datasets.    From Wordnik.com.  [PLoS ONE Alerts: New Articles] Reference

Alternatively, the problem is avoided altogether by rooting with a seed plant - either an angiosperm or with what are usually considered the more primitive gymnosperms (i.e. Gnetales; see.    From Wordnik.com.  [PLoS ONE Alerts: New Articles] Reference

(1999) Molecular data from the chloroplast rpo C1 gene suggest a deep and distinct dichotomy of contemporary spermatophytes into two monophyla: gymnosperms (including Gnetales) and angiosperms.    From Wordnik.com.  [PLoS ONE Alerts: New Articles] Reference