The cell distributions estimated from the data suggested that the neurons in the fovea tends to prefer higher spatial frequency than in the parafovea, which is consistent to the physiological insight in animal cortex.    From Wordnik.com.  [PLoS ONE Alerts: New Articles] Reference

Distribution of neurons explains fovea-parafovea difference.    From Wordnik.com.  [PLoS ONE Alerts: New Articles] Reference

The estimated neuronal distributions in the fovea and parafovea are different.    From Wordnik.com.  [PLoS ONE Alerts: New Articles] Reference

The panels a-c and d-f in the figure show the cases for the fovea and the parafovea, respectively.    From Wordnik.com.  [PLoS ONE Alerts: New Articles] Reference

The difference between the fovea and the parafovea is most apparent for stimuli with relatively small.    From Wordnik.com.  [PLoS ONE Alerts: New Articles] Reference

Brown and red curves show the thresholds for fovea and parafovea, respectively. doi: 10.1371/journal. pone.0009704.g002.    From Wordnik.com.  [PLoS ONE Alerts: New Articles] Reference

We show that the neuronal distribution profile plays an important role in the emergence of the fovea-parafovea difference.    From Wordnik.com.  [PLoS ONE Alerts: New Articles] Reference

The brown and the red curves in the figure represent the discrimination thresholds for the fovea and the parafovea, respectively.    From Wordnik.com.  [PLoS ONE Alerts: New Articles] Reference

Figure 5d depicts the neuronal distributions in fovea and parafovea estimated by fitting the data to the model with gain control.    From Wordnik.com.  [PLoS ONE Alerts: New Articles] Reference

The model explains the reported qualitative and quantitative differences in human performance between the fovea and the parafovea.    From Wordnik.com.  [PLoS ONE Alerts: New Articles] Reference

For the parafovea, the discrimination threshold peaks at a small whereas no peak is observed for foveal presentation, as the data show in.    From Wordnik.com.  [PLoS ONE Alerts: New Articles] Reference

Hess RF (2006) Discrimination of amplitude spectrum slope in the fovea and parafovea and the local amplitude distributions of natural scene imagery.    From Wordnik.com.  [PLoS ONE Alerts: New Articles] Reference

Note the slightly different result between fovea and parafovea when considering gain control among neurons, because the distribution of cell number doi: 10.1371/journal. pone.0009704.g006.    From Wordnik.com.  [PLoS ONE Alerts: New Articles] Reference

Colors of curves in panels b and c are matched to those in panel a. (d-f) Same as (a-c), but computed for the parafovea, where the units 'preferred spatial frequencies varied from 0.01 to 1 cycles/deg.    From Wordnik.com.  [PLoS ONE Alerts: New Articles] Reference

The model suggested that the differences between performance in fovea and parafovea could be explained by taking into account the distributional difference of cortical neurons over preferred frequencies.    From Wordnik.com.  [PLoS ONE Alerts: New Articles] Reference

The inset figures show the spatial frequency tuning curves of each of seven neurons, illustrating the difference in the distributions of the peak preferred frequencies between the fovea and the parafovea.    From Wordnik.com.  [PLoS ONE Alerts: New Articles] Reference

Of particular interest, a reported qualitative disparity between performance in fovea and parafovea can be explained based on the distributional difference over preferred frequencies of neurons in the current model.    From Wordnik.com.  [PLoS ONE Alerts: New Articles] Reference

The peak preferred spatial frequencies of the model units varied from 0.01 to 10 cycles/deg for the fovea and from 0.01 to 1 cycles/deg for the parafovea, with the total number of units kept the same between those two conditions.    From Wordnik.com.  [PLoS ONE Alerts: New Articles] Reference

We have found that the expected fovea-parafovea difference in the cell distribution over the preferred spatial frequency would cause a qualitative disparity among the psychophysical skills in the fovea and the parafovea, which was not demonstrated previously.    From Wordnik.com.  [PLoS ONE Alerts: New Articles] Reference

This indicates that the neuronal interaction need not be primarily considered for explaining the human sensitivity to the changes in value, especially when we focus on the origin of its qualitative structures such as the fovea-parafovea difference and N-shaped sensitivity curve seen in the parafovea.    From Wordnik.com.  [PLoS ONE Alerts: New Articles] Reference

It has not been explained by previously proposed computational frameworks why there is such a qualitative disparity between the fovea and the parafovea, and why the sensitivity in the parafovea forms an N-shaped curve Empirically and theoretically obtained thresholds for discriminating falloff parameters.    From Wordnik.com.  [PLoS ONE Alerts: New Articles] Reference

To get an intuitive understanding of how the qualitative difference between the fovea and the parafovea arises in the model, it is illustrative to follow the process by which the Fisher information is derived from the Figure 3 depicts the procedure for computing the Fisher information from the neuronal tuning curves.    From Wordnik.com.  [PLoS ONE Alerts: New Articles] Reference

The model parameters were set to be the same for both conditions except that the fovea had a broader distribution of the unit's preferred spatial frequency, covering a relatively higher frequency domain than the parafovea; this assumption is in qualitative agreement with an electrophysiological study that intensively investigated the spatial frequency selectivity of Macaque striate cells with various loci of receptive fields.    From Wordnik.com.  [PLoS ONE Alerts: New Articles] Reference

Established that human performance at discriminating differs quantitatively and qualitatively depending on the retinal position (i.e., the fovea or the parafovea) at which stimulus patches are presented.    From Wordnik.com.  [PLoS ONE Alerts: New Articles] Reference

Because the discrimination threshold is given by a decreasing function of the Fisher information as Eq. (20), the existence of double peaks of the information in the parafovea (.    From Wordnik.com.  [PLoS ONE Alerts: New Articles] Reference

Here we simply assumed uniform distributions for both cases; more detailed estimations of the neuronal distributions are considered in the next subsection., of seven example model neurons in the fovea and the parafovea (the neurons in panel a are identical to those shown in.    From Wordnik.com.  [PLoS ONE Alerts: New Articles] Reference